Cross cultural values and conflicts Essay

The modern society is made up of different cultures which are constantly interacting with each other. This interaction helps in the enrichment of the society. However, it is also the cause of intercultural tensions that have been witnessed in many countries such as the United States. Intercultural conflicts may take different forms. This might lead to problems in different communities and fuel high levels of hatred and confrontation. It is a known fact that cultures differ from one community to another. There has been increased violence that can be attributed to marginalization and impoverishment of some cultures as compared to others. The other factors that contribute to this are ignorance coupled with prejudice. The result of this is disagreements between different communities, resentment and possibility of uncontrollable violence erupting. These conflicts arise due to opposition of certain cultures and reluctance to accept the diverse cultures of the world. Sources of conflicts Intercultural conflicts can, therefore, be said to be due to three causes. These are: political causes, social causes and economic causes. Political sources may be due to territorial differences that might lead to conflicts between different groups of people or nations. The fight for certain resources in particular regions fall under economic causes of these conflicts. Dispute may sometimes arise regarding the ownership, accessibility to or control of certain resources. These resources might include jobs, contracts, credits or education. Allocation of these resources should be done in a fair manner so that everyone gets an equal share regardless of their cultural backgrounds. The tough economic times and conditions may exacerbate intercultural hostility especially when these are seen to be the key causes of unemployment and degradation of peoples’ welfare (LeBaron and Pillay, p 42). Economic policies that favor certain groups of people or nations and ignoring the disadvantaged ones may hasten these conflicts. Such disadvantaged groups include immigrants and workers who might be looked down upon (LeBaron and Pillay, p 42). Social causes of conflicts might be due to differences in religion and languages. These are cultural issues which should not be taken lightly. For example, a communication barrier as far as language is concerned. This can be seen in institutions regarding the particular language used in the teaching process and examinations. Secondly, language used in the military during command and other government departments for communication. These might cause disparities between people of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. It has been established that religion is a major cause of conflict between groups of people (LeBaron and Pillay, p 43). The main cause of social conflicts in the U. S. is immigration and the income levels between the two races (whites and blacks). This also includes the natives and immigrants in the United States as well as the poor and rich people (Morin, para 2). Other factors that may worsen this situation include; potential threats posed by certain groups to the interest of the group considered as the majority. For example, in the United States, most whites see the non white immigrants as criminals who pose a great danger to their families, jobs and institutions. This leads to exclusion of such migrants in certain sectors such as taking up high grade jobs and government positions. It has heightened the levels of discrimination in the United States (Ting-Toomey and Oetzel, p 23). Conclusion There is need for a global approach in finding a lasting solution to this problem. These efforts should be directed towards ending cultural, racial and ethnic conflicts worldwide. It will help in ending xenophobia, racism and racial segregation in the U. S. In doing so, the tension that is usually witnessed between different groups of people will be greatly reduced hence leading to a harmonious society. Despite the fact that conflicts will always arise at times, these should be solved amicably and democratically without bias or favoring any side or group. Works Cited LeBaron, Michelle and Venashri Pillay. Conflict across Cultures. Boston: Intercultural Press, 2006. Morin, Rich. â€Å"What Divides America? † September 24, 2009. August 10th, 2010 Ting-Toomey, Stella and John Oetzel G. Managing Intercultural Conflict Effectively. California: Sage Publications, 2001

Introduction of Gps

GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS) 3802 O/C AMTR DASSANAYAKE MTS INTAKE 28 3802 O/C AMTR DASSANAYAKE MTS INTAKE 28 HISTORY OF GPS SEGMENTS OF GPS APPLICATIONS OF GPS GEOSTATICS ASSIGNMENT 01 HISTORY OF GPS SEGMENTS OF GPS APPLICATIONS OF GPS GEOSTATICS ASSIGNMENT 01 ASSIGNMENT I Prepare a detail report regarding GPS including following features†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1. Historical development. 2. Segment of GPS. 3. Wide variety of applications of GPS. INTRODUCTION * GPS is a satellite-based navigation system originally developed for military purposes and is maintained and controlled by the United States Department of Defense. GPS permits land, sea, and airborne users to determine their three-dimensional position, velocity, and time. * It can be used by anyone with a receiver anywhere on the planet, at any time of day or night, in any type of weather. * There are two GPS systems: NAVSTAR – United States system, and GLONASS – the Russian version. * The NAVSTAR system is often referred to as  the  GPS (at least in the U. S. ) since it was generally available first. * Many GPS receivers can use data from both NAVSTAR and GLONASS; this report focuses on the NAVSTAR system. 1. Historical development GPS is primarily a navigational system, so a background on navigation will give insight as to how extraordinary the Global Positioning System is. * People first navigated only by means of  landmarks  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ mountains, trees, or leaving trails of stones. * This would only work within a local area and the environment was subject to change due to environmental factors such as natural disasters. * For traveling across the ocean a process called  dead reckoning, which used a magnetic compass and required the calculation of how fast the ship was going, was applied. The measurement tools were crude and inaccurate. It was also a very complicated process. * When traveling over the ocean, people began using the stars as guidelines. * Th e stars appear different from different locations on Earth so analyzing the stars gave sailors the basic direction to follow. * Celestial navigation  was our primary means of navigation for hundreds of years. It was a time-consuming and complicated task of measuring the angles between stars – a process of triangulation. * The degree of precision was limited. The sextant was developed during this time but since it only measured latitude, a timepiece was also invented so that the longitude could also be calculated. * This type of navigation only worked at night and in clear weather which was a great disadvantage. * It was not until the 20th century that  ground-based radio navigation systems  were introduced. Some are still in use today. * GPS is a satellite radio navigation system, but the first systems were ground-based. * They work in the same way as does GPS: users (receivers) calculate how far away they are from a transmitting tower whose location is known. When seve ral towers are used, the location can be pinpointed. * This method of navigation was a great improvement, yet it had its own difficulties. An example of such a system is LORAN. * Each tower had a range of about 500 miles and had accuracy good to about 250 meters. * LORAN was not a global system and could not be used over the ocean. Because ground based systems send signals over the surface of the earth, only two-dimensional location can be determined. * The altitude cannot be calculated so this system could not be applied to aviation. The accuracy of such systems could be affected by geography as well. The frequency of the signal affected accuracy; a higher frequency would allow for greater accuracy, but the user would need to remain within the line of sight. * The first global navigation system was called OMEGA. It was a ground-based system but has been terminated as of 1997. * Timeline of GPS Development * Late 1960s, concept development. * Early 1970s, program funding and establi shment of a Joint Program Office within the Department of Defense. * December 1973, proposal for GPS approved by the Defense System Acquisition and Review Council (DSARC). * Mid-1970s, ground testing of the GPS concept. February 22, 1978, launch of the first GPS satellite. * 1989, Magellan Corporation introduces the first hand-held GPS receiver. * 1991, detection and fix of a major a glitch that slowed progress. * January 1991, military use of GPS in Operation Desert Storm in Iraq. * December 1993, declaration of Initial Operational Capability (IOC) by the U. S. Secretary of Defense. * May 2, 2000, SA is turned off by presidential directive; inexpensive civilian GPS receivers increase their horizontal accuracy from â€Å"no worse than† 100 meters to 15-25 meters. * Oct 1, 2005 First Modernized GPS Satellite with improved accuracy. . SEGMENTS OF GPS GPS uses radio transmissions. The satellites transmit timing information and satellite location information. The system can be se parated into three parts: i. Space segment ii. Control segment iii. User segment Connection of three segments, i. Space Segment * The space segment consists of the satellites themselves. * According to the  United States Naval Observatory, there are currently 27 operational GPS satellites about 11,000 miles up in space. * This constellation (see Figure 2 below) provides between five and eight GPS satellites visible from any point on the earth.The Space Segment * It takes each satellite about twelve hours to orbit the earth. There are six orbital planes with at least four satellites in each plane. * The orbits are tilted to the  equator  of the earth by 55 ° so that there is coverage of the  Polar Regions. * The satellites continuously orient themselves to ensure that their  solar panels  stay pointed towards the sun, and their  antennas  point toward the earth. * Also each satellite carries 4  atomic clocks. ii. Control Segment * The control segment is a group of ground stations that monitor and operate the GPS satellites. There are monitoring stations spaced around the globe and one Master Control Station located in Colorado Springs, Colorado (see Figure 3 below). * Each station sends information to the Control Station which then updates and corrects the navigational message of the satellites. * There are actually five major monitoring systems, the figure below does not include the Hawaiian station. * The stations constantly monitor the orbits of the satellites and use very precise radar to check  altitude, position and speed. * Transmitted to the satellites are  ephemeris  constants and clock adjustments. The satellites in turn, use these updates in the signals that they send to  GPS receivers. The Control Segment iii. User Segment * This part consists of user receivers which are hand-held or, can be placed in a vehicle. * All GPS receivers have an  almanac  programmed into their computer, which tells them where each satellite is at any given moment. * The GPS receivers detect, decode and process the signals received from the satellites. * The receiver is usually used in conjunction with computer software to output the information to the user in the form of a map. As the user does not have to communicate with the satellite there can be unlimited users at one time. * The user requires a GPS receiver in order to receive the transmissions from the satellites. * The GPS receiver calculates the location based on signals from the satellites. * The user does not transmit anything to the satellites and therefore the satellites don't know the user is there. * The only data the satellites receive is from the Master Control Station in Colorado. * The users consist of both the military and civilians. 3. Applications of GPS Today, GPS has a wide variety of applications and GPS is finding its way into cars, boats, planes, construction equipment, movie making gear, farm machinery and even laptop computers. * The most o bvious application for GPS is satellite navigation in vehicles, aircraft and ships. * It allows anyone with a GPS receiver to pinpoint their speed and position on land, air or sea, with incredible accuracy. * Drivers can use in-vehicle portable navigation devices to follow a route, find detours around traffic problems and with additional software receive traffic alerts and warnings on safety camera locations. GPS is used for tracking devices; people can pinpoint any object on the earth. For example, GPS vehicle tracking systems or GPS fleet tracking systems can point out where their stolen vehicle is or where their ship sails at present. * Main uses of GPS technology are as follows: a) Location †The first and foremost palpable application of GPS system is the simple determination of a position? or location; Navigation † b) The primary design of GPS tracking system was to provide navigation information or ships and planes; c) Tracking â€Å"With the accurate data provide d by the system, monitoring mobile objects or people is not difficult task anymore; d) Mapping â€Å"GPS can help in creating maps and models of everything in the planet. Mapping the earth had never been an easier task; e) Timing† GPS satellites carry highly accurate atomic clocks, and GPS tracking devices here on the ground when synchronized with those in the satellites are themselves atomic accuracy clocks providing accurate time. * There are many applications for military in GPS, * The military utilizes GPS in land, marine, and airborne navigation. In addition, GPS satellites are equipped with sensors to monitor and detect the donations of nuclear weapons. * Navigation is the main function of GPS with uses in all branches of the military. * Some examples are; photo reconnaissance, low-level navigation, target acquisition, command and control, en route navigation, and missile guidance. * Although GPS was designed for military use, civilian use of the navigation technology h as dramatically increased with the advent of affordable, portable GPS receivers and the ability to increase the accuracy of civilian GPS readings. A major use of GPS is for surveying and mapping, including land, marine, and air borne surveying, local and global deformation monitoring, and geodetic control. * Applications in transportation and communication and include automotive navigation aids, with an automated display of the vehicle position on an electronic map. This is particularly useful for emergency vehicles and search and rescue missions. * Monitoring the location and movement of vehicles such as taxis, trucks, and boxcars can also be achieved using GPS. Recreational activities have also become a large market for low-cost, portable receivers. Boating, backpacking, biking, and horseback riding are a few of the activities whose participants use fairly inexpensive, relatively low accuracy GPS receivers. * GPS is also available for other uses: hikers and ramblers can use GPS re ceivers to ensure they are following their chosen route and to mark rendezvous points along the way. * While gamers can take part in geocaching, a kind of treasure hunt for the digital age, which uses precise GPS signals to help the players track down a hidden stash. The emergency services, for instance, can use GPS not only to find their way to an incident quicker than ever before but also to pinpoint the location of accidents and allow follow-up staff to find the scene quickly. * This is particularly useful for search and rescue teams at sea and in extreme weather conditions on land where time can be a matter of life or death. * Scientists and engineers also have applications for GPS receivers, in scientific experiments, and in monitoring geological activity such as earth tremors, earthquakes and volcanic rumblings. They can use strategically positioned GPS devices to assist them in tracking climate change and other phenomena. Fundamentally, GPS can now be used to produce very acc urate maps. * GPS is a term that most commonly conjures up images of vehicle navigation systems, space-age satellite technology, and interactive maps for outdoors-types and sportsmen as well as below usages, * Know where children are using services from companies like uLocate Communications. * Keep track of elderly members of your family, so that they don’t wander off alone. * Plan a road trip around interesting points of interests, landmarks, campsites, diners, etc. Get emergency road side assistance at a touch of a button from the vehicle, so you can get help exactly where and when people need it. * Keep a visual journal and bookmark collection of your favorite hot spots, sceneries, and points of interests that may not be listed in any travel guide. * Find lost pets easily using collars with built-in GPS. * Feel safer with cellular phone emergency calls, so emergency person can pinpoint your location once you make an emergency call. * Track your luggage, laptops, and anythi ng of importance while traveling. Track and find family, friends in a crowded concert, graduation, or any social gathering. * When going on a vacation, feel free to separate from group for a while to venture on your own based on your own interests and find them later on with your GPS enabled device- even in an unfamiliar place. * Creative and educational uses of GPS; * Stay physically active and fit by playing Ray Gun! A locational based cell phone game based on GPS technology. * Become more cultured, make global friends, and learn about the world playing Geocache, a global GPS based treasure hunt. GPS boosts productivity across a wide swath of the economy, to include farming, construction, mining, surveying, package delivery, and logistical supply chain management. * Major communications networks, banking systems, financial markets, and power grids depend heavily on GPS for precise time synchronization. Some wireless services cannot operate without it. * GPS saves lives by preventi ng transportation accidents, aiding search and rescue efforts, and speeding the delivery of emergency services and disaster relief. GPS is vital to the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) that will enhance flight safety while increasing airspace capacity. * GPS also advances scientific aims such as weather forecasting, earthquake monitoring, and environmental protection. * GPS use to determine a position from measurements of distances is known as triangulation  (not  triangulation, which involves the measurement of angles). * GPS  receivers  receive satellite signals; they do not transmit or bounce signals off the satellites. GPS Systems are a passive, receive-only system, GPS Systems can support an unlimited number of users, both military and ivilian. * GPS system provides a 24 hour per day global coverage. GPS systems are an all-weather system which is not affected by rain, snow, fog, or sand storms. * GPS use to measure distances to four or more satellites simultaneously and knowing the exact locations of the satellites (included in the signals transmitted by the satellites), the receiver can determine its latitude, longitude, and height while at the same time synchronizing its clock with the GPS time standard which also makes the receiver a precise time piece.

A Parents Guide to Notre Dame

Paris may have its legendary cathedral, but when it comes to famous Catholic universities, there is only one Notre Dame - and its in South Bend, Indiana. Heres the scoop: everything a parent should know about the Golden Dome and the Fighting Irish. The College: This venerable university with its glowing Golden Dome and breathtaking gothic architecture dates back to 1842. Its founder, a 28-year-old French priest, named it after Our Lady of the Lake, Notre Dame du Lac. The school is known for its top-notch academics - it regularly appears on the U.S. News World Reports top 25 - as well as its famous athletic programs and a 1,250-acre campus that belongs on any most beautiful list. Its stunning.Your child does not have to be Catholic to go here, but you should know that mass is held daily, the campus has 47 chapels and its prayer grotto is modeled after the one at Lourdes. Spirituality is important here and community service part of the schools ethos. Notre Dames 12,000 students - a figure that includes 8,400 undergrads - attend classes on the semester system. But the single most important thing parents should know is that Notre Dame students are so very happy here, both academically and personally, that 95% of the freshmen retur n sophomore year. And 95% of those students end up graduating from Notre Dame. Only Harvard and Princeton boast better stats.The Tab: Of course, all that glory - and all those small class sizes - comes at a hefty price. Tuition at the University of Notre Dame was $41,417 in 2011-12. Some 80% of the universitys students live in the colleges 29 single-sex dormitories. Add room and board - $11,388 - to the tab for a grand total of $52,805 per year. There is no Greek system here, but students remain in the same residence hall for all four years, which creates a tight-knit sense of community.The College Town: Technically, Notre Dame is in its own small town of Notre Dame, just outside South Bend. But from a parent perspective, thats mere envelope addressing. South Bend is the college town, and its a very nice one indeed with all the benefits of cosmopolitan life and small-town charm. In addition to visiting your college kid, you can also hike the winding riverbank trails, go white water rafting on the East Race Waterway or head for the recreational possibilities of Lake Michigan.Notre Dame is a two-hour drive (90 miles or so) from Chicago, so youll likely fly into OHare - although South Bend has its own small airport too. Just be aware that Notre Dame is on Eastern time, Chicago on Central. Chicago makes a great hub for any college tour. There are scores of terrific universities - Purdue, Northwestern, Loyola and more - all within a few hours drive. But if your interest lies in Notre Dame and Notre Dame alone, stay in South Bend, where there are plenty of hotels, including the much-beloved, 60-year-old Morris Inn, which is located right on campus. The Morris closed its doors in late 2012 for major renovations; it is expected to re-open in August 2013. (Tip: some hotels will give college visitors discounts, so be sure to call and ask - its not usually advertised online. Check with the Morris directly, when it reopens, to see if they plan to resume their parents club offers.)If youre visiting in the winter months, pack for snow. Its not as cold here as in Minnesota, but South Bend gets 81 inches of snow per year and January temperatures drop down to the 20s and 30s Fahrenheit. One last thing: When its time for junior to fly home for the holidays, theres a bus service that runs between campus and OHare for about $35 one-way.More Important Details: This is a highly competitive school, but it produces some pretty incredible results. That high retention rate comes from the universitys first year of studies program, which teaches college study skills, helps students explore interests and offers support and guidance. Got a a possible pre-med? The Notre Dame acceptance rate into med school runs around 80% - the national average is closer to 40%. Community service is part of the culture here. Some 80% of the colleges students volunteer; more than 10% go on to join the Peace Corps.Got a musician with a penchant for sports? Notre Dames famous marching ba nd dates back to 1843. Got a bel canto soprano, a bassoonist or jazz pianist? Notre Dame has an opera program, as well as jazz and classical performance and music education majors, and its performing arts center boasts five stages. But music majors here don’t declare until sophomore year, its possible to double major in music and another field, and auditions are for ensemble placement and scholarship consideration, not university admission. (Translation: Its a very fine program, but if your kid is considering Juilliard or Curtis, he probably wouldnt apply here. And if thats where you are in the decision-making process, this article on College Admissions for Music Majors may help.)Notre Dame is famous for its Division I athletics, and especially its Fighting Irish football team, which has notched 11 national championships and seven Heisman Trophy winners. More than 60 former players are in the College Football Hall of Fame. But Notre Dame also fields 25 other mens and womens v arsity teams, as well as more than 80 intramural and club sports. Broom ball, anyone?Incoming Frosh Stats: Notre Dame is considered one of the nations 20 most selective universities, with a 29% acceptance rate. The average incoming freshman is in the top 4% of his high school class, with a SAT score of 1,390-1,490 out of 1,600 or an ACT of 32-34.The Law School: Notre Dames law school dates back to 1869 and its programs include the standard 3-year Juris doctor degree, as well as programs in international human rights and an LL.M. (Masters of Law) program in international law from Notre Dames London Law Centre. Admissions are extremely competitive, with more than 3,000 applicants vying for 183 places per year. The average accepted law student had a 3.64 college GPA and a 166 out of 180 on the LSAT.More? Visit the University of Notre Dames campus website for details on admissions for undergraduate study, law school, and grad school. This link will take you straight to information on sc heduling a campus visit. If youre headed to the campus itself, visitor parking is at the corner of Eddy and Holy Cross Drive in Notre Dame, Indiana.

Guidelines For Critiquing The Ethical Aspects Of A Study

Michaela P. Capulong NU310 Unit4_Assignment_Worksheet Guidelines for Critiquing the Ethical Aspects of a Study August 24, 2015 1. Was the study approved and monitored by an Institutional Review Board, Research Ethics Board, or other similar ethics review committee? (20 points) The study about the Influences on Preschool Children’s Physical activity was approved by the Deakin University Human Research Ethics Committee. Deakin are renowned for its research and teaching. They ensure the participants are protected by from physical and psychological harm during the study. The study was not monitored but approved by the Institutional Review Board. 2. Were participants subjected to any physical harm, discomfort, or psychological distress? Did the researchers take appropriate steps to remove, prevent, or minimize harm?(20 points) The participants were not subjected to any physical harm and psychological distress. The researchers should discuss and inform the participants for possible foreseeable risk of the study such as discomfort or psychological distress. They addressed the range of aspects in doing qualitative research at the beginning of the research. The study was also guided by Social Economical model to show the appropriateness in understanding the influences on young children’s behaviors. Yes, the researchers took appropriate steps to protect the participants from psychological distress and discomfort. Additionally, the purpose of the study is to explore theShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis Of Hospitals Strategies Associated With 30 Day Readmission Rate For Heart Failure Patients1610 Words   |  7 Pageshospitalizations are the causative reason for increased health care spending, deterioration of the quality of health of patients, lengthened stay in hospitals and lack of trust as far as the delivery of health care services is concerned. 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Project Activity Report for the Thesis Paper Example

Essays on Project Activity Report for the Thesis Paper Thesis Capstone’s Project Activity Report for the thesis Paper Project Activity Report The intervention of an activity report is indeedto ascertain the progress of the project. The research is as a result of a thorough analysis on the population sample and the specifics of the study. It is necessary to have a clear detail of what transpired and the due dates of the occurrences. This is necessary enough to be able to track the overall performance of the project and be able to monitor the validity of the conclusions made in the report. It is essential to monitor the various activity reports of any research proposal (David 2001). Chances are likely that a research that if carried out in one day, may not be conclusive enough. It may also not be as detailed to facilitate the effective analysis of the conclusions. It is therefore necessary for a research to undergo a thorough time plan to be able to measure to the test of accuracy. The logistics involved, time and resources involved in carrying out the project are to be measured in the various analytical steps of the research. This is necessary enough to be able to know whether the research could be ranked as viable or not. Capstone Report Activity Report The research carried out was on the significance of Business plans. This was the title on the research. Various activities transpired in the analysis and findings of the various issued that touched and revolved around the topic. Business plans are the tools in which various organizations use to source for finance in the established and none established lending institutions. The Business plans are said to source for credit in the Micro financial institutions, the various banks, SACCO’s and other credit lending agencies. The past system necessitated, that for a business to source for credit, for it to be able to access funds to carry out any financial transaction, it was a pre-requisite for it to have tangible assets in the form of fixed assets to act as collateral for sourcing for funds. Long gone are those days where business had equally to establish to be able to source credit. Currently the financial system’s dynamics has necessitated the need to revise this old concept. A business might indeed have these collateral but other businesses exists an idea that once established will be able to generate substantial revenues inform of income. The main delimitation for this case may be the availability of start up and maintaining capital. Business plans is therefore given emphasize in this issue. They are useful in this case as the non-existent idea can create encouragement and convince the financial lending institution to believe in the idea from the aspect of the business plan (Creswell, 2009). Business plans also serve as a bench mark for control. Control is a function of the management. This function enables management measure the actual performance against the set standards. Through the business plan, can monitor and regulate the various transactions carried out in the business and be able to compare against the set standards in the business plan. This is effective for strategic managers to be able to make well decisive decision. Capstone Activity Report (According to Appendix C) The following activities transpired during the field study. The need for intervention of the research is to determine the importance and significance of the Business plan. These were the various activities carried out during the study: Activity 1 The first activity was to perform a literature review. This was necessary enough as it enabled the collection of information from the various journals, magazines and books. The collected information was the sorted out basing on an already pre-determined set of criteria. From there salient facts and figures were concluded and finally the project supervisor consulted for details (Creswell, 2009). Activity 2 The next activity was the evaluation of the Questionnaires. In this section the various questionnaires for entrepreneurs and VC’s was developed the various population samples that included the VC’s and Entrepreneurs was approached for analysis. The appointment dates for the various surveys and interviews established. The survey was then conducted, from which various responses were collected and analyzed. The information collected was the deduced into useful inferences. The project supervisor was the n consulted for feedback. Activity 3 The next step was to complete the project report. In this category the various activities that transpired were the addition of information from the literature analysis. It was followed by a through description of the various primary outcomes from the survey carried out. Among the things included at this level was the application of the statistical analysis on the various numerical information. It was then followed by a compilation of the various appropriate results and finally a discussion of the conclusion and results were carried out. The project supervisor was conducted for feed back (Nicholas, 2011). Activity 4 The Final activity included the evaluation of the study report. This in light was checked for various errors that might have transpired in the analysis and conclusion laid out in the report. An improvement on the various contents and designs was done and finally the report was published and handed in for submission. Difference between Qualitative and Quantitative Research methods Quantitative research is a field study that depends on the tools of interviews, observation and questionnaires. It is all about obtaining first hand data. It is much centered on the various statistical and numerical data. An Example of these is the National Census that ascertains the number of people within a country (Foley 2004). Qualitative research on the other hand is dependent upon the interviews and case studies and deals minute issues and smaller numbers inform of information. The researchers tend to look at the various behaviors of humans and the actions that govern their behavior. An example of these is a field study on how many ladies within school love mathematics and the various reasons. References David, Fred R. 2001. Strategic management: concepts cases. 8th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pentice Hall. Creswell, J. W., Creswell, J,. 2009. Research design: A qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches (3rd ed.). Los Angeles: Sage. Nicholas, R,. 2011. A qualitative investigation of the creation and use of social capital among street children in Bucharest, Romania. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University. Foley, F,. 2004. The global entrepreneur: taking your business international. 2nd ed. United States: Jamric Press International.

The Relation Between Leadership Traits Motives and Effectiveness

Question: Discuss about the Relation Between Leadership Traits Motives and Effectiveness. Answer: Introduction: Leadership is considered as one of the key strength of every business organization (Northouse, 2015). Efficient leadership paves the path of organizational success. There are many leaders in world that have set an example for others by their effective leadership quality. The market competitiveness has been increased since past few years, which leads many business leaders to incorporate many efficient strategies within the organizational structure to earn the desired target. Effective leadership consists of several traits and qualities that play crucial role in the effectiveness of the leaders. Leadership traits and effectiveness are interrelated. The success of the company is highly relied on these two factors (Dinh et al., 2014). The following article has concentrated on the relation between the leadership traits and its effectiveness. It has discussed about various theory and examples to provide a transparent and broader picture of effective leadership quality. Analysis: Traits There are many theories that have enlightened various aspects of effective leadership, such as- Great-man Theory, Behavioural Theory, Contingency Theory, transactional theory, Transformational Theory and Trait Theory (Chemers, 2014). These theories have discussed about different aspects of leadership quality. According to the trait theorists, leadership is mainly based on some key traits that distinguish leaders from other team members. A person must possess these skills to become an effective leader. There are two types of traits, one type of traits that can be learned by a person and one type of traits that are inherent (Day et al., 2014). Many researches claim that there are some key traits that must be possessed by the leaders to guide any organization on the right path, such as- Emotional Stability: An effective leader must be emotionally stable, so he can support his teammate to take efficient and decisions to stimulate the organizational performance. Many researches claim that leaders must be psychologically matured enough. During leadership, a leader may have to take many effective and strong decisions. It is important to be matured enough to take these decisions (Landis, Hill Harvey, 2014). Dominance: Leaders must have good control over their own team. It is also evident that many leaders dominant their teammates, which is not suitable to maintain healthy relation within the team. However, leaders need to maintain control over the teammates to lead them to the right path (Ghasabeh, Soosay Reaiche, 2015). Enthusiasm: Leaders must be active to play their role and responsibilities towards the organization, so they can motivate their subordinates. The key role of a leader is to motivate their teammates to perform their duty in an appropriate manner. In order to perform this role, leaders must be active and expressive. He must be energetic to influence his teammates. Otherwise, subordinates will not be able to participate in the organizational function (Ghasabeh, Soosay Reaiche, 2015). Bold: Leaders must be willing to take new risks. It is the responsibility of the leader to support his team in any situation. He must be able to face various challenges and risks while supporting or motivating his team. It is one of the key features of the effective leaders. He must confident to lead his team. Otherwise, he will not be able to perform his role effectively (Marion Gonzales, 2013). Charisma: Effective leaders must have charismatic personality, so he can influence other teammates. The personality of the leaders plays major role to influence teammates. It is often evident that subordinates are majorly affected by the working style and leadership quality of the leaders. The influential character of the leader may have a great impact on the employees and it may influence them to shape their behaviour accordingly to achieve the organizational target (Ghasabeh, Soosay Reaiche, 2015). Learning: Good leaders always encourage their subordinates to learn. They know the value of learning. They appreciate their employees for adopting new and efficient techniques. Great leaders often share their experience and learning s with their teammates to let them learn from those experiences. It puts significant impact on the behaviour and performance of the employees. Hence, one must allow his subordinates to learn (Marion Gonzales, 2013). Team Orientation: It is primary responsibility of a team leader to provide a clear idea to the team members about their role and responsibility towards the organization. Thus, leaders must have the potential to communicate with their subordinates. He must maintain regular communication with the employees to know about the challenges they are facing in the organization and resolve their issues. In order to motivate employees, it is important for every leader to often meet with the teammates. By such practices, leaders can share their own experience, vision and mission with the employees. It is highly beneficial for the leaders to establish a strong bonding with the employees (Sethuraman Suresh, 2014). The Relation between Leadership Traits, Motives and Effectiveness: These previously mentioned traits are highly required for being an effective and efficient leader. These traits put significant impact on the effectiveness and motive of the leadership. As discussed in the previous section, leaders must have a particular kind of personality to influence teammates (Amanchukwu, Stanley Ololube, 2015). It is evident that subordinates are greatly influenced by the behaviour and skills of the leaders. Renowned leaders often used their special traits to interact with the teammates. It helps them to motivate them to work as a team to earn the desired common goal. Leaders can use their traits in both positive and negative manner. It depends on the motive of the leader. The style of the leadership is highly dependent on the circumstances and working environment of the organization. Leaders use various leadership styles in different situations. In order to enhance the team performance motivate team members, efficient leaders often communicate with the team me mbers and influence them by their charismatic personality. It affects employees to participate actively in the organizational function. Traits lead leaders to decide their motives. At the same time, it affects their leadership skills and put remarkable impact on the behaviour of the subordinates. There are many employees in the organization. It is not possible for the leaders to address each of the employees individually. By using effective traits, such as- charismatic personality, interaction skills, self confidence and so on, leaders can motivate all the employees altogether. It is often evident, that employees are often affected by the stories and vision mission shared by the leaders (Antonakis House, 2014). It encourages them to shape their behaviour and adopt organizational strategy to gain the expected target. Examples: Toyota is one of the renowned car companies that have put strong footprint in the car industry by its performance. However, it has faced crisis recently where lawsuits were filed against the organization due to some faults in the car. Jim Lentz, the CEO of the organization has taken a notable initiative to deal with the situation. Instead of letting the PR team tackle the issue, the CEO decided to interact with the consumers via Dig Dialogue. He answered all the queries of the consumers. This works on the favour of the organization. His leadership skill motivates his subordinates to stand together by the side of the organization during this emergency ad perform in an efficient manner to for the betterment of the organization. Thus, it can be stated that the communication skill and leadership traits of the Jim Lentz has affected the behaviour of his team members in a significant manner. By such practices the organization has successfully overcome all the issues as a team (toyota.com, 2017). Another example of effective leadership is given by the CEO of Starbucks. In 1997, the organizational management of Starbucks faced a crisis due to the murder of one of their staffs in robbery. The reputation of the organization was at stake. The CEO of the organization has taken a notable step to resolve the issue. He visited the family of the employee ad provide all the monetary and moral support to them. It helps organization to overcome the crisis soon. This charismatic leadership capability of the CEO plays major role to motivate his employee to stay together and work hard for the organization. It has increased the commitment level of the employees towards the organization. It is also an exemplary example of effective leadership. It can be stated by analysing the example that the understanding skills and matured personality of the leader has influenced him take the right decision on the right time. At the same time, it is highly influential for his teammates as well. It helps th em to understand the importance of tam work as well as how to maintain strong and transparent relation within the organization (starbucks.in, 2017). Conclusion: As per the previous discussion, it can be stated that leadership quality plays major role to affect teammates to achieve the organizational objective. There are many exemplary examples of leadership skills that have set an example for others on how to lead an organization towards the right direction. Traits are an integral part of the effectiveness of the leadership and the motive of the leadership. A person that has all the traits of becoming an effective leaders can use his traits to affect his teammates and others. References: Amanchukwu, R. N., Stanley, G. J., Ololube, N. P. (2015). A review of leadership theories, principles and styles and their relevance to educational management.Management,5(1), 6-14. Antonakis, J., House, R. J. (2014). Instrumental leadership: Measurement and extension of transformationaltransactional leadership theory.The Leadership Quarterly,25(4), 746-771. Chemers, M. (2014).An integrative theory of leadership. Psychology Press. Day, D. V., Fleenor, J. W., Atwater, L. E., Sturm, R. E., McKee, R. A. (2014). Advances in leader and leadership development: A review of 25years of research and theory.The Leadership Quarterly,25(1), 63-82. Dinh, J. E., Lord, R. G., Gardner, W. L., Meuser, J. D., Liden, R. C., Hu, J. (2014). Leadership theory and research in the new millennium: Current theoretical trends and changing perspectives.The Leadership Quarterly,25(1), 36-62. Ghasabeh, M. S., Soosay, C., Reaiche, C. (2015). The emerging role of transformational leadership.The Journal of Developing Areas,49(6), 459-467. Landis, E. A., Hill, D., Harvey, M. R. (2014). A synthesis of leadership theories and styles.Journal of Management Policy and Practice,15(2), 97. Marion, R., Gonzales, L. D. (2013).Leadership in education: Organizational theory for the practitioner. Waveland press. Northouse, P. G. (2015).Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Sethuraman, K., Suresh, J. (2014). Effective leadership styles.International Business Research,7(9), 165. starbucks.in. (2017).starbucks.in. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.starbucks.in toyota.com. (2017).Toyota.com. Retrieved 10 August 2017, from https://www.toyota.com

Sweaty Feet free essay sample

Sweaty feet rove the dusty alleys, moving my body to the rhythm in the street. Its a symphony for the senses – vibrant fabrics, the distinct aroma of incense rising, fly-covered fruit, hagglers shouts, and a bustling energy that only the market can provide. The muezzin begins his call to prayer, as greetings and blessings pass by my ears. â€Å"Wa-laykum Salaam,† I respond, the language rolling off my tongue, and I know that if I am ever at a loss, I have learned to speak in smiles. If you were to ask me in this moment how I feel, how I am, I would tell you in two simple Wolof words, â€Å"mangi fi.† They mean, â€Å"I am fine,† though directly translate to â€Å"I am here,† but I hardly see a distinction. I am here, alive, nestled in the warm embrace of West Africa. In this moment I carry confidence, adventure, opportunity, independence. We will write a custom essay sample on Sweaty Feet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I can feel the country as I engage with its people, absorb its culture, and immerse myself in the present. Of course I am fine – in fact I might even be a bit better than that. Enveloped in awe of where I currently stand, my eyes gaze down at those feet. In worn New Balance sneakers, I once dragged my heels over the rocky slope of Mount Washington. Each breath I drew seemed more of a pant and each movement I made was accompanied by a strong burning in my calves. As a child, driven academically yet failing to grasp any degree of athleticism, I was not destined to run the lengths of football fields or swing the bat and bring myself home, but the time had arrived when I would succeed physically and push myself through the canopy of pines to bathe in sunlight and touch the clouds. What my mind had pronounced impossible, my body defied, conquering both my doubt and the 6,000 feet to the summit. On that day my feet taught me perseverance and called on me to recognize the strength I possess within. Those are the feet that shuffled through the door, with trousers draped around my ankles, to a stage set for song, dance, and farce. â€Å"Cross right, head down, pause, turn left†; my legs knew the routine, but it was the audience I had to keep on its toes. I felt my belonging there, in the theater where creativity flowed, as surely as I felt the hard wood set beneath me. Under the lights, I was free to release all inhibitions, to let my feet guide me, to pour myself into the thrill of the role and to shine. Each step taught me to believe in myself, inspiring me with self-confidence and comfort in my own skin. My pride swelled along with the applause, until I could no longer contain a smile; I bowed. And those feet were laced up in the thick black boots of an EMT that morning, their soles pounding the pavement as they dashed from the back of the â€Å"rig.† It was a race against time and the patients rapid loss of brain function. He was at his worst; my responsibility was to be at my best. I hastened between the patient and our equipment, each action instinctive, adrenaline moving me. Reality had become a blur and the meticulousness of my training faded, so my feet took over. They carried me through, fortifying my sense of purpose as they taught me compassion and a moral duty to serve others in need. For now, my sweaty feet wander out of the sun and into a small rice shack, where I sip spicy cafe touba and slide my hand into lunch, the oil rolling from my fingertips. Those feet are nearing the end of this journey in Senegal, having trekked across the bush of the Fulani region, stomped the ground in traditional dance circles, and sunk into the golden sand of Sufi darahs. But they will continue to take me through this life. In time, I will stride down long hospital hallways to perform my first neurosurgery; I will tiptoe into my childrens rooms to whisper good night; I will walk a path of teranga, always giving of myself, and of zikr, acknowledging the beauty around me. I currently stand on this precipice in life and am ready to hit the ground running toward the promise of my future, while always marching to the beat of my own drum. Yes, my feet will travel beneath me, and they will leave their imprint on this earth.